PSYC 520 Exam 1 with verified detailed answers

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PSYC 520 Exam 1 with verified detailed || || || || || || ||




answers

child development - ✔✔the scientific study of processes of change and stability in children from
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conception through adolescence || ||




what are the domains of development? - ✔✔physical, cognitive, psychosocial (socioemotional)
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physical development - ✔✔growth of the body and brain
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cognitive development - ✔✔pattern of change in mental abilities, such as learning, attention,
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memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity
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psychosocial development - ✔✔pattern of change in emotions, personality, and social
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relationships


what are some influences on development? - ✔✔individual differences, heredity, and
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environment


individual differences affect: - ✔✔characteristics, influence, or developmental outcomes
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heredity - ✔✔inborn traits or characteristics inherited from the biological parents
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environment - ✔✔totality of nonhereditary, or experiential, influences on development
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what are normative influences? and what kind are there? - ✔✔characteristics of an event that
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occurs in a similar way for most people in a group. age-graded and history-graded
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what is a age-graded normative influence? - ✔✔highly similar for people in a particular age
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group


what is a history-graded normative influence? - ✔✔significant events that shape the behavior and
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attitudes of a historical generation || || || ||




what is nonnormative influences? - ✔✔unusual events that happens to a particular person. usually
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a typical event that happens at an unusual time of life
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theory - ✔✔coherent set of logically related concepts that helps to explain, organize, and predict
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data


hypothesis - ✔✔a possible explanation for phenomena used to predict the outcome of research
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reactive theory - ✔✔the developing child is a sponge that soaks up experiences and is shaped by
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these experiences over time
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active theory - ✔✔people seek to create experiences for themselves and are motivated to learn
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about the world around them
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mechanistic model - ✔✔break down structures into small parts and then put it back together
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organismic model - ✔✔children are active, growing organisms that initiate events not just react
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continuous development - ✔✔gradual, incremental changes in understanding
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discontinuous development - ✔✔abrupt change || || || ||




What did Freud believe? - ✔✔Humans are born with a series of innate, biologically based drives
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