Pharm NURS 615 -Examination with Well
Detailed Question & Answers Perfectly
A+ Grade (2026 Newest Updated
Versions)
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of prescribing? -
,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Low albumin = more free drug (bc the drug can't bind to
albumin aka protein) = increased adverse effects
What is a Black Box Warning: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..is considered a
contraindication to administer that drug.
What is the drugs half-life? - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Half-life specifically means
the amount of time it takes for an administered drug to be halfway cleared
from the system.
Peak of action: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..the time between drug administration
and maximum concentration of drug in the blood stream. Best
therapeutic effect.
Duration of action: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..the time between onset of action and
metabolism of drug below the minimum needed for an effect. The length
of time you have the drug in your system.
According to the WHO what is the first step in the prescribing process? -
,,,,,answer,,,,,,..The first step is to define the patient's problem
The second step is to - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..specify the therapeutic objective
,The third step is to - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..choose which drug or treatment is
needed.
Step 4 of the WHO approach: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Start the treatment
Step 5 of the WHO approach: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Educate the patient
Step 6 of the WHO approach: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Monitor the treatment
Phase 1 of drug development: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..The drug is tested on
healthy volunteers
Phase 2 of drug development: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..trials with people who
have the disease for which the drug is thought to be effective
Phase 3 of drug development: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Large numbers of patients
in medical research centers receive the drug in phase 3. This larger
sampling provides information about infrequent or rare adverse effects.
The FFA will approve a new drug application if phase 3 studies are
satisfactory.
Phase 4 of drug development: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..This phase is voluntary
and involves postmarket surveillance of the drug's therapeutic effects at
the completion of phase 3. The pharmaceutical company receives reports
from doctors and other health care professionals about the therapeutic
results and adverse effects of the drug. Some medications, for example,
have been found to be toxic and have been removed from the market after
their initial release.
Explain first pass metabolism - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..much of the drug is lost in
the absorption process. The liver metabolizes many drugs, thus reduces
the bioavailabilty of the drug.
, What is the fasted route of absorption: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..The fastest route
of absorption is inhalation, and not as mistakenly considered the IV
administration.
Why does the GI tract take longer to absorb? - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..The GI tract
is lined with epithelial cells; drugs must permeate through these cells in
order to be absorbed into the circulatory system.
What is One particular cellular barrier that may prevent absorption of a
given drug? - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..the cell membrane. Cell membranes are
essentially lipid bilayers which form a semipermeable membrane. Pure
lipid bilayers are generally permeable only to small and uncharged
solutes, hence whether or not a molecule is ionized will affect its
absorption, since ionic molecules are charged.
What is solubility? - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Solubility favors charged species,
permeability favors neutral species. Some molecules have special
exchange proteins and channels to facilitate movement from the lumen
into the circulation.
Why does absorption occur at a slower rate for oral, IM, SQ routes? -
,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Absorption occurs at a slower rate because the complex
membrane systems of GI mucosal layers, muscle, and skin delay drug
passage.
The ability of a drug to cross a cell membrane depends on: -
,,,,,answer,,,,,,..whether the drug is water or lipid (fat) soluble. Lipid-
soluble drugs easily cross through cell membranes; water-soluble drugs
can't. Lipid-soluble drugs can also cross the blood-brain barrier and enter
the brain.
Detailed Question & Answers Perfectly
A+ Grade (2026 Newest Updated
Versions)
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of prescribing? -
,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Low albumin = more free drug (bc the drug can't bind to
albumin aka protein) = increased adverse effects
What is a Black Box Warning: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..is considered a
contraindication to administer that drug.
What is the drugs half-life? - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Half-life specifically means
the amount of time it takes for an administered drug to be halfway cleared
from the system.
Peak of action: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..the time between drug administration
and maximum concentration of drug in the blood stream. Best
therapeutic effect.
Duration of action: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..the time between onset of action and
metabolism of drug below the minimum needed for an effect. The length
of time you have the drug in your system.
According to the WHO what is the first step in the prescribing process? -
,,,,,answer,,,,,,..The first step is to define the patient's problem
The second step is to - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..specify the therapeutic objective
,The third step is to - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..choose which drug or treatment is
needed.
Step 4 of the WHO approach: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Start the treatment
Step 5 of the WHO approach: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Educate the patient
Step 6 of the WHO approach: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Monitor the treatment
Phase 1 of drug development: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..The drug is tested on
healthy volunteers
Phase 2 of drug development: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..trials with people who
have the disease for which the drug is thought to be effective
Phase 3 of drug development: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Large numbers of patients
in medical research centers receive the drug in phase 3. This larger
sampling provides information about infrequent or rare adverse effects.
The FFA will approve a new drug application if phase 3 studies are
satisfactory.
Phase 4 of drug development: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..This phase is voluntary
and involves postmarket surveillance of the drug's therapeutic effects at
the completion of phase 3. The pharmaceutical company receives reports
from doctors and other health care professionals about the therapeutic
results and adverse effects of the drug. Some medications, for example,
have been found to be toxic and have been removed from the market after
their initial release.
Explain first pass metabolism - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..much of the drug is lost in
the absorption process. The liver metabolizes many drugs, thus reduces
the bioavailabilty of the drug.
, What is the fasted route of absorption: - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..The fastest route
of absorption is inhalation, and not as mistakenly considered the IV
administration.
Why does the GI tract take longer to absorb? - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..The GI tract
is lined with epithelial cells; drugs must permeate through these cells in
order to be absorbed into the circulatory system.
What is One particular cellular barrier that may prevent absorption of a
given drug? - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..the cell membrane. Cell membranes are
essentially lipid bilayers which form a semipermeable membrane. Pure
lipid bilayers are generally permeable only to small and uncharged
solutes, hence whether or not a molecule is ionized will affect its
absorption, since ionic molecules are charged.
What is solubility? - ,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Solubility favors charged species,
permeability favors neutral species. Some molecules have special
exchange proteins and channels to facilitate movement from the lumen
into the circulation.
Why does absorption occur at a slower rate for oral, IM, SQ routes? -
,,,,,answer,,,,,,..Absorption occurs at a slower rate because the complex
membrane systems of GI mucosal layers, muscle, and skin delay drug
passage.
The ability of a drug to cross a cell membrane depends on: -
,,,,,answer,,,,,,..whether the drug is water or lipid (fat) soluble. Lipid-
soluble drugs easily cross through cell membranes; water-soluble drugs
can't. Lipid-soluble drugs can also cross the blood-brain barrier and enter
the brain.
