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Pathophysiology exam 4 (final) Endocrine glands - correct answer 1. pituitary 2. thyroid 3. parathyroid 4. adrenals •other glands: thymus, pancreas, testis, ovary, pineal •synthesize hormones = special chemical messengers Disorders of endocrine glands - correct answer •Endocrine disorders are characterized as either hyper- or hypofunction disorders, when describing general clinical presentation, or clinical features •Hypersecretion/hyperfunction of hormones(tumor, hyperplasia) ...

Pathophysiology: Exam 4Diabetes Mellitus - correct answer Disease that is the cause of an abnormality in blood glucose regulation and nutrient storage related to an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and/or resistance to the actions of insulin. pancreas - correct answer The following are functions of what major organ? 1) Production of digestive enzymes 2) Production of insulin and glucagon islets of Langerhans - correct answer Which specific part of the pancreas produces insuli...

Pathophysiology Final ExamWhat is allergic asthma associated with? - correct answer Type 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE mediated What are the S&S of ARDS? - correct answer SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis (aveoli close), Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis, Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax? - correct answer Pressure that builds up and pushes the trachea towards the unaffected side; Absent breath sounds over affected lung Wh...

Pathophysiology Final Exam transverse fracture - correct answer occurs straight across the bone Oblique Fracture - correct answer fracture at an angle to the bone Spiral Fracture - correct answer a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart Comminuted Fracture - correct answer bone is splintered or crushed Segmental Fracture - correct answer consists of a segment of the shaft isolated by proximal and distal lines of fracture Avulsed Fracture - correct answer Fragments are ...

pathophysiology: genetic and congenital disordersWhat are the names for other chromosomes? - correct answer autosomal How many (not total) chromosomal pairs do "normal" people have? - correct answer 22 pairs How many sex chromosomes do "normal" people have? - correct answer 2 How many TOTAL chromosomal pairs do "normal" people have? - correct answer 23 pairs (46 chromosomes) What is a genetic disorder? - correct answer abnormalities in genes or chromosomes What are genetic d...

Pathophysiology Infection disease producing organism - correct answer pathogen transmission of infection requires - correct answer a chain of events that includes passing of the pathogen from the reservoir of the infection to the host. causative agents of transmission of infection - correct answer bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, rickettsiae, and helminths pathogens. pathogen must have what - correct answer have a portal of exit with a mode of transmission from the reservoir to a su...

Pathophysiology myocardial infarctionWhat is myocardial infarction? What is its etiology? - correct answer Answer: The total occlusion of one or more coronary arteries resulting in ischemia and death of myocardial tissues. Most common cause is atherosclerosis. What is the pathophysiology of MI? What are its clinical manifestations? - correct answer Answer: Atherosclerotic accumulations obstruct artery, or break off, causing platelets to aggregate at the site of injury and form a thrombus that...

Pathophysiology of Heart Failureheart failure when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the metabolic demands of body diastolic heart failure stiff heart muscles/ventricles fill with less blood than normal because can't relax normally preserved Ejection Fraction systolic heart failure weakened heart muscle/ventricles eject less blood bc they can't squeeze as well reduced Ejection Fraction causes of diastolic and systolic heart failure diastolic - valvular (aortic...

Pathophysiology: Renal QuestionsWhen discussing the functional unit of the kidney, what term should the nurse use? a. Calyx b. Nephron c. Collecting duct d. Pyramid b Prerenal acute renal failure occurs when kidney perfusion is impaired. a. True b. False a The glucose transporter in the proximal tubule: a. has no transport maximum. b. does not depend on sodium reabsorption. c. is ATP dependent. d. may be saturated at high filtered glucose loads. d If a nurse w...

Pathophysiology Study QuestionsA patient lab values show increased neutrophils, what type of infection do they have? - correct answer Bacterial A patient lab values show increased eosinophils, what type of infection do they have? - correct answer Parasitic/allergic A patient has a viral infection, what will their lab values look like? - correct answer Lymphocytes increased, neutrophils decreased Is acne chronic or acute inflammation? Why? Acute, has a short duration (few minutes to severa...