Advances in Health Biotechnology

A microbe is a microscopic small living creature and the science of microbes is called microbiology. Microorganisms can be of various types such as bacteria, fungi, archaea, green algae, plankton, and planaria. The field of microbiology includes parasitology, bacteriology, virology, mycology, and ot...

There are various benefits of bacteria, especially in food biotechnology. Bacteria (Lactobacillus and Lactococcus) combined with yeasts and molds are efficiently used in the preparation of fermented foods such as sauce, cheese, vinegar, pickles, soy, and yogurt. Interestingly, the capability of bac...

A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea The elements of the virus, known as virions, mainly contain about two or three par...

A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. It contains certain agents that not only resemble a disease-causing microorganism but it also stimulates the body’s immune system to recognize the foreign agents.

The innate immune system generally consists of three components—membrane barrier, inflammation, and the complement system In case pathogens can successfully evade the innate response, a host body possesses another layer of protection called the adaptive immune system, which can be activated by th...

“Diagnostic Criteria” includes the signs, symptoms, and laboratory test results that the clinician uses to make the correct diagnosis

Synthetic biology is a scientific discipline that combines knowledge of science with engineering tools in order to design and build novel biological tissues and systems The term “synthetic biology” was first used on genetically engineered bacteria that were created by using recombinant DNA techn...

Regenerative medicine is a branch of translational research in tissue engineering and molecular biology which deals with the "process of replacing, engineering or regenerating human cells, tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function

Begins with the isolation of a gene of interest, which is then inserted into a vector; these vectors are further cloned into multiple copies ❑ A vector is basically a piece of DNA that is capable of independent growth; bacterial plasmids and viral phages are the commonly used vectors ❑ When the ...

Most of the drugs we use today are primarily tested in a selected group of people, and not in all the people, because it is impossible to test drugs in each and every person ❑ The drug regulators or controllers approve the drugs to be used by patients on the pretext that the intended drug will not...

Gene therapy is an experimental technique for treating disease by altering the patient's genetic material Gene therapy is the therapeutic delivery of nuclei acid polymers into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease. The polymers are either expressed as proteins, interfere with protein expres...

Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and life sciences toward the development of biological substitutes to restore, maintain, or improve tissue function or a whole organ